Thermodynamics — practice questions

70 curated practice questions from Thermodynamics (Physics JEE Advanced, NTA Exams) — 27 medium, 43 hard. Every question includes the final answer free; step-by-step worked solutions with a free account.

• In the given P-V diagram, a monoatomic gas ( = 5 3 ) is first compressed adiabatically from state A to state B . Then…
• A body cools from 50°C to 40°C in 5 min. The surrounding temperature is 20°C. In what further time (in min) will it…
• Initially a black body at absolute temperature T is kept inside a closed chamber at absolute temperature T 0 . Now the…
• 5.6 litre of helium gas at STP is adiabatically compressed to 0.7 litre. Taking the initial temperature to be T 1 , the…
• Variation of radiant energy emitted by sun, filament of tungsten lamp and welding arc as a function of its wavelength…
• If wavelength of maximum intensity of radiation emitted by sun and moon are 0.5 × 10 –6 m and 10 –4 m respectively the…
• A human body has a surface area of approximately 1 m 2 . The normal body temperature is 10 K above the surrounding room…
• Water is being boiled in a flat bottomed kettle placed on a stove. The area of the bottom is 300 cm 2 and the thickness…
• The temperature of the two outer surface of a composite slab, consisting of two materials having coefficients of…
• A wooden wheel of radius R is made of two semicircular parts (see figure). The two parts are held together by a ring…
• An aluminium sphere of 20 cm diameter is heated from 0°C to 100°C. Its volume changes by (given that coefficient of…
• A block of ice of mass M = 10 kg is moved back and forth over the flat horizontal surface of a large block of ice. Both…
• The coefficient of volume expansion of glycerin is 49 × 10 –5 K –1 . What is the fractional change in its density for a…
• A black body is at a temperature of 2880 K. The energy of radiation emitted by this object with wavelength between 499…
• Statement-1 : There is a natural asymmetry between converting work to heat and converting heat to work. Statement-2 …
• A spherical black body with a radius of 12 cm radiates 450 W power at 500 K. If the radius is halved and the…
• The length of the two rods made up of the same metal and having the same area of cross-section are 0.6 m 0.8 m and…
• Two identical square rods of metal are welded end to end as shown in figure (i), 20 cal of heat flows through it in 4…
• Two bodies A and B have thermal emissivities of 0.01 and 0.81 respectively. The outer surface areas of the two bodies…
• A mass of a material exists in its solid form at its melting temperature 10°C. The following processes then occur to…
• In the figure, the distribution of energy density of the radiation emitted by a black body at a given temperature is…
• If a black body radiates 10 cal/s at 227°C, it will radiate at 727°C :
• An ideal monoatomic gas is taken round the cycle ABCDA as shown in the P-V diagram (see figure). The workdone during…
• A black body radiates power P and maximum energy is radiated by it around a wavelength λ 0 . The temperature of the…
• One mole of a monatomic ideal gas undergoes a cyclic process as shown in the figure (where V is the volume and T is the…
• One mole of an ideal gas expands adiabatically from an initial state ( T A , V 0 ) to final state ( T f , 5 V 0 )…
• A sphere of aluminium of 0.06 kg placed for sufficient time in a vessel containing boiling water, so that the sphere is…
• A thermally insulated vessel contains an ideal gas of molecular mass M and ratio of specific heats γ. It is moving with…
• Statement - 1 : The coefficient of volume expansion has dimension K –1 . Statement - 2 : The coefficient of volume…
• A hot body, obeying Newton’s law of cooling is cooling down from its peak value 80 0 C to an ambient temperature of 30…
• The graph, shown in the adjacent diagram, represents the variation of temperature ( T ) of two bodies, x and y having…
• The rate of flow of heat depends on the nature of material, cross-sectional area and temperature gradient. If a…
• Statement - 1 : Two stars S 1 and S 2 radiate maximum energy at 360 nm and 480 nm, respectively. Ratio of their…
• Parallel rays of light of intensity I = 912 W m –2 are incident on a spherical black body kept in surroundings of…
• A wall has two layers A and B, each made of different material. Both the layers have the same thickness. The thermal…
• The plots of intensity versus wavelength for three black bodies at temperatures T 1 , T 2 and T 3 respectively are as…
• An ideal gas is taken through the cycle A → B → C → A , as shown in the figure. If the net heat supplied to the gas in…
• The PT diagram for an ideal gas is shown in the figure, where AC is an adiabatic process. Find the corresponding PV…
• A metal block is made from a mixture of 2.4 kg of aluminium 1.6 kg of brass and 0.8 kg of copper. The amount of heat…
• A ring consisting of two parts ADB and ACB of same conductivity K carries an amount of heat H. The ADB part is now…
• If two rods of length L and 2L, having coefficient of linear expansion α and 2α respectively are connected end–on–end…
• A blacksmith fixes iron ring on the rim of the wooden wheel of a bullock cart. The diameter of the rim and the iron…
• The rate of flow of heat depends on the nature of material, cross-sectional area and temperature gradient. If a…
• Two rods of different materials having coefficients of thermal expansion α 1 , α 2 and Young’s modulli Y 1 , Y 2…
• When 0.15 kg of ice of 0°C mixed with 0.30 kg of water at 50°C in a container, the resulting temperature is 6.7°C…
• The efficiency of a Carnot engine operating with a hot reservoir kept at a temperature of 1000 K is 0.4. It extracts…
• Suppose the specific heat capacity of a substance is varying with temperature according to, s = A + BT 2 where A and B…
• Find the ratio of the lengths of an iron rod and an aluminium rod for which the difference in the lengths is…
• The intensity of radiation emitted by the sun has its maximum value at a wavelength of 510 nm and that emitted by the…
• A thermally insulating cylinder has a thermally insulating and frictionless movable partition in the middle, as shown…
• Equal temperature differences exist between the ends of two metallic rods 1 and 2 of equal lengths. Their thermal…
• One end of a thermally insulated rod is kept at a temperature T 1 and the other at T 2 . The rod is composed of two…
• A liquid cools from 50°C to 45°C in 5 min and from 45°Cto 41.5°C in the next 5 min. The temperature of the surrounding…
• An ideal black-body at room temperature is thrown into a furnace. It is observed that
• Three discs A, B and C having radii 2, 4, and 6 cm respectively are coated with carbon black. Wavelengths for maximum…
• Statement - 1 : In natural convection, the fluid motion is caused by density difference produced by temperature…
• A fixed mass ‘ m ’ of a gas is subjected to transformation of states from K to L to M to N and back to K as shown in…
• An ideal gas heat engine is operating between 227°C and 127°C. It absorbs 10 4 J of heat at the higher temperature. The…
• A monoatomic ideal gas, initially at temperature T 1 , is enclosed in a cylinder fitted with a frictionless piston. The…
• A copper block of mass 2.5 kg is heated in a furnace to a temperature of 500 °C and then placed on a large ice block…
• The rate of flow of heat depends on the nature of material, cross-sectional area and temperature gradient. If a…
• The maximum energy in thermal radiations from a blackbody occurs at wavelength 4000 Å. The effective temperature of the…
• A hole is drilled in a copper sheet. The diameter of the hole is 4.24 cm at 27.0°C. What is the change in the diameter…
• Statement -1 : A drop of cool water accidentally falls on an incandescent lamp which is continuously glowing from long…
• If a body cools down from 80°C to 60°C in 10 min when the temperature of the surrounding is 30°C. Then, the temperature…
• Two rods of copper and brass (K C > K B ) of same length and area of cross-section are joined as shown. End A is kept…
• Statement - 1 : The expanded length l of a rod of original length l 0 is not correctly given by (assuming α to be…
• Three rods of same dimensions have thermal conductivities 3k, 2k and k. They are arranged as shown, with their ends at…
• A steel rod is clamped at its two ends and rests on a fixed horizontal base. The rod is unstrained at 20°C. Find the…
• A spherical body of area A and emissivity e = 0.6 is kept inside a perfectly black body. Energy radiated per second by…

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