Biotechnology: Principles and Processes — practice questions

150 curated practice questions from Biotechnology: Principles and Processes (Biology NEET, NTA Exams) — 39 medium, 94 easy, 17 hard. Every question includes the final answer free; step-by-step worked solutions with a free account.

• Entry of foreign DNA is into bacterial cell is facilitated by
• First discovered restriction endonuclease that always cuts DNA molecules at a particular point by recognising a…
• This is not a GMO [NCERT Pg. No. 178] [KCET 2012]
• Significance of ‘heat shock’ method in bacterial transformation is to facilitate [NCERT Pg. No. 171]
• GAATTC is the recognition site for the restriction endonuclease:
• Which of the following is not an application of PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction) [NEET 2021]
• The tumor inducing capacity of Agrobacterium tumefaciens is located in extra chromosomal plasmid and is called:
• Which of the following is a correct sequence of steps in a PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction) [NEET 2021]
• The construction of the first recombinant DNA was done by using the native plasmid of:
• A bioreactor refers to [NCERT Pg. No. 174]
• The most important feature in a plasmid to serve as a vector in gene cloning experiment is [NCERT Pg. No. 169]
• Which of the following statements does not hold true for restriction enzyme [NCERT Pg. No. 165, 166]
• Prior to gene loading viral vector has to be manipulated genetically
• Which of the following is not required in the preparation of a recombinant DNA molecule [NCERT Pg. No. 171]
• The following cycle refer to the PCR process. Name the factors or steps indicated with numbers [NCERT Pg. No. 172]
• Most important feature of plasmid, which enables it to be used as cloning vector
• The first transgenic buffalo, Rosie produced milk which was human alpha-lactalbumin enriched. Restriction enzymes are…
• Given below are two statements. One is labelled as Assertion and the other is labelled as Reason. STATEMENT - 1…
• In transgenics, expression of transgene in target tissue is determined by [CPMT 2005]
• ‘Restriction’ in Restriction enzyme refers to [NCERT]
• Assertion : Recognition site should be preferably single and responsive to commonly used restriction enzyme. Reason …
• What is the fate of a piece of DNA carrying only gene of interest which is transferred into an alien organism? The…
• Which one of the following is commonly used in transfer of foreign DNA into crop plants?
• During the process of gene amplification using PCR, if very high temperature is not maintained in the beginning, then…
• What will be the outcome if restriction Endonuclease do not cut the DNA at specific sites.
• Which of the following techniques involve the use of thermal cycling?
• In Biolistics, microparticles coated with recombinant DNA are made from which element/s
• Main steps in the formation of Recombinant DNA are given below. Arrange these steps in a correct sequence. A …
• In recombinant DNA technique the term vector refers to [NCERT Pg. No. 164] [Odisha JEE 2010]
• Which of the following steps are catalysed by Taq DNA polymerase in a PCR reaction [NCERT Pg. No. 172, 173]
• Genetic engineering means [NCERT Pg. No. 163] [CMC Vellore 1993]
• Colorless colonies are produced by insertion of recombinant DNA in gene for
• For preparing recombinant DNA which will not be required
• The following are useful to alter genes in crop plants except:
• Assertion : In recombinant DNA technology, human genes are often transferred into bacteria (prokaryotes) or yeast…
• An antibiotic resistance gene in a vector usually helps in the selection of [NCERT Pg. No. 173]
• Bt cotton is not [NCERT Pg. No. 178]
• The prerequisites for biotechnological production of antibiotics is [MP PMT 1998]
• An analysis of chromosomal DNA using the southern hybridization technique does not use [CBSE PMT 2014]
• In genetic engineering, the antibiotics are used [NCERT Pg. No. 170] [CBSE PMT (Mains) 2012]
• Upon exposure to UV radiation, DNA stained with ethidium bromide will show [NEET 2021, 23]
• In genetic engineering, a DNA segment (gene) of interest, is transferred to the host cell through a vector. Consider…
• Stirred-tank bioreactors have been designed for [CBSE PMT (Pre.) 2010; NEET (Phase-II) 2016 ]
• A gene whose expression helps to identify transformed cell is known as [NCERT Pg. No. 170, 173] [NEET 2017]
• Which statement is not true, regarding restriction enzymes used in Genetic Engineering?
• STATEMENT - 1 (Assertion): In recombinant DNA technology, human genes are often transferred into bacteria (prokaryotes)…
• Given below are two statements: one is labeled as Assertion (A) and the other is labeled as Reason (R). Assertion (A) …
• Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplifies DNA following the equation [NEET 2025]
• Which of the following statements is incorrect [NCERT Pg. No. 174] [ NEET 2024]
• Who among the following was awarded the Nobel Prize for the development of PCR technique [NCERT]
• Silencing of specific mRNA is possible via RNAi because of [NCERT Pg. No. 179] [KCET 2018; NEET 2025]
• Which of the following metal particles are used as microparticles coated with DNA, to be bombarded with gene gun for…
• Which of the following restriction enzymes produces blunt ends [NEET (Phase-II) 2016]
• Which of the following is not a component of downstream processing [NCERT Pg. No. 174] [NEET (Phase-II) 2016]
• Which of the following is correctly matched [Kerala PMT 2011] [NCERT Pg. No. 164, 165, 167, 169, 173, 182] (A)…
• The “Ti plasmid” of Agrobacterium tumefaciens stands for [NCERT Pg. No. 170] [ NEET 2024]
• Cloning gene is a process where [NCERT Pg. No. 169] [DUMET 2010]
• DNA fragments generated by the restriction endonucleases in a chemical reaction can be separated by:
• Which one of the following techniques made it possible to genetically engineer living organisms [MP PMT 2003; CBSE PMT…
• Hybridoma technology was developed by [MP PMT 2001]
• The technique of transferring DNA fragment separated on agarose gel to a synthetic membrane such as nitrocellulose is…
• Given below are two statements: Statement I : Ori gene determines number of copies of recombinant gene formed…
• The Ti plasmid is often used for making transgenic plants. This plasmid is found in:
• Given below are two statements: Statement I : Cell is made competent by alternate application of ice and heat…
• Agrobacterium tumefaciens is used in genetic engineering as:
• Which one among the following is just a cloning plasmid not an expression plasmid [WB JEE 2008]
• The cloning vector M13 has genetic material [MHCET 2015]
• Plasmid pBR322 has Pas I restriction enzyme site with in gene amp R that confers ampicillin resistance. If this enzyme…
• Taq polymerase which is used for amplification of DNA is related with:
• In genetic engineering, a DNA segment (gene) of interest, is transferred to the host cell through a vector. Consider…
• When the chilled ethanol is added in purified DNA, it ultimately precipitates out. This can be shown in the figure as…
• In a chromosome, there is a specific DNA sequence, responsible for initiating replication. It is called as:
• The correct order of steps in Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) is
• Which of the given statements is correct in the context of visualizing DNA molecules separated by agarose gel…
• A bacterial cell was transformed with a recombinant DNA molecule that was generated using a human gene. However, the…
• Choose the correct statement with reference to “Dolly” [NCERT; Kerala CET 2005]
• Which of the following option is correct for recombinant DNA technology [NCERT Pg. No. 166] [GUJCET 2014]
• Plasmids are suitable vectors for gene cloning because these:
• A tumor inducing plasmid, widely used in production of transgenic plant is that of:
• What is the fate of a piece of DNA carrying only gene of interest which is transferred into an alien organism (A) The…
• Following are the steps involved in the process of PCR. Annealing Amplification (~1 billion times) Denaturation…
• Which of these is widely used in genetic engineering [CPMT 2003]
• Given below are two statements Statement I : The DNA fragments extracted from gel electrophoresis can be used in…
• Given below are two statements. One is labelled as Assertion and the other is labelled as Reason. STATEMENT - 1…
• The following diagram shown restriction sites in E . coli cloning vector pBR322 . Find the role of ‘ X ’ and ‘ Y ’…
• The stirred-tank reactor is usually [NCERT Pg. No. 174]
• Which one is a true statement regarding DNA polymerase used in PCR?
• Which one of the following bacteria has found extensive use in genetic engineering work in plants?
• During the purification process for recombinant DNA technology, addition of chilled ethanol precipitates out [NCERT Pg…
• Polymerase chain reaction technology (PCR- technique) is used for:
• Recombinant DNA is forced to enter the host cells by incubating the cells with rDNA first [NCERT Pg. No. 171]
• Transfer of any gene into a completely different organism can be done through:
• Assertion : Polymerase chain reaction is used in DNA amplification Reason : The ampicillin resistant gene is used as a…
• The technique in which foreign DNA is precipitated over surface of metal particles for passing into target cells is:
• The colonies of recombinant bacteria appear white in contrast to blue colonies of non-recombinant bacteria because of…
• The linking of antibiotic resistance gene with the plasmid vector became possible with [NCERT Pg. No. 165] [CBSE PMT…
• Which of the following is not a desirable feature of a cloning vector [NEET 2022]
• A foreign DNA and plasmid cut by the same restriction endonuclease can be joined to form a recombinant plasmid using:
• Which one of the following can help in the diagnosis of a genetic disorder?
• The role of DNA ligase in the construction of a recombinant DNA molecule is [NCERT Pg. No. 172]
• Identify the plasmid [NCERT Pg. No. 169] [KCET 2004; Kerala PMT 2010]
• Which of the following organelles is related with genetic engineering/gene cloning [NCERT Pg. No. 164] [CBSE PMT 1994…
• The blue and white selectable markers have been developed which differentiate recombinant colonies from non-recombinant…
• DNA recombinant technology uses [NCERT Pg. No. 171] A. Restriction endonucleases B. DNA ligase C. Cloning vector D…
• Assertion : Ti plasmid obtained from Agrobacterium tumefaciens is effectively used as a vector for gene transfer in…
• Which of the following enzymes catalyse the removal of nucleotides from the ends of DNA [NCERT Pg. No. 166]
• A desirable change in genotype of an organism is obtained by [NCERT Pg. No. 164] [MHCET 2015]
• The below figure refers to recombinant DNA technology. Identify A, B, C and D respectively [NCERT Pg. No. 167]
• In recombination vector used is [NCERT Pg. No. 170] [BCECE 2005; MP PMT 2007]
• Who among the following scientists is associated with the discoveries in genetic engineering [CBSE PMT 1993]
• Restriction endonuclease enzymes hydrolyze polynucleotides from:
• Identify the wrong statement with regard to Restriction Enzymes.
• Given below are two statements: Statement I : Bt toxins are insect group specific and coded by a gene cry IAc…
• DNA or RNA segment tagged with a radioactive molecule is called:
• The sequence that controls the copy number of the linked DNA in the vector, is termed [NCERT Pg. No. 169] [NEET 2020]
• A tumour inducing plasmid widely used in the production of transgenic plants is that of [NCERT Pg. No. 170] [AIIMS 2005]
• Recombinant DNA (rDNA) technology is related with [NCERT Pg. No. 164] [BHU 1999; Kerala PMT 2007]
• Which of the following should be chosen for best yield if one were to produce a recombinant protein in large amounts…
• In insertional inactivation, foreign DNA is inserted into
• To form new DNA in PCR number of primers required for each DNA is/are
• The process of separation and purification of expressed protein before marketing is called [NCERT Pg. No. 174] [NEET…
• Which of the following enzyme(s) are NOT essential for gene cloning (A) Restriction enzymes (B) DNA ligase (C) DNA…
• While isolating DNA from bacteria, which of the following enzymes is not required [NCERT Pg. No. 171]
• The main technique involved in agricultural biotechnology is called [NCERT Pg. No. 164] [MP PMT 1998]
• Restriction endonucleases are most widely used in recombinant DNA technology. They are obtained from [NCERT Pg. No…
• Which of the following is not a cloning vector [NEET 2023]
• Production of a human protein in bacteria by genetic engineering is possible because:
• Hybridomas are the result of fusion of [NCERT; AIIMS 2007]
• Which of the following enzyme is used in DNA amplification?
• In plant biotechnology, root tumours are induced in plant using the bacterium [Odisha JEE 2008]
• Which one of the following statement is not true regarding gel electrophoresis technique [NEET 2022]
• Given below are two statements. One is labelled as Assertion and the other is labelled as Reason. STATEMENT - 1…
• Given below are two statements: one is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason (R). Assertion (A)…
• Given below are two statements: one is labeled as Assertion (A) and the other is labeled as Reason (R). Assertion (A) …
• A piece of nucleic acid used to find out a gene by forming hybrid with it is called as:
• Which of the following is commonly used as a vector for introducing a DNA fragment in human lymphocytes?
• Which of the following is an example of direct gene transfer?
• In the above represented plasmid an alien piece of DNA is inserted at EcoRI site. Which of the following strategies…
• Hind II always cuts DNA molecules at a particular point called recognition sequence and it consists of [NCERT Pg. No…
• Which vector can clone only a small fragment of DNA [NCERT Pg. No. 164] [CBSE PMT 2014; KCET 2015]
• The enzymes which are absolutely necessary for recombinant DNA technology are [NCERT Pg. No. 165, 167] [KCET 2012]
• , which is frequently used as a vector for cloning gene in E . coli is a / an [NCERT Pg. No. 169] [AIIMS 2010]
• Which of the following contributed in popularizing the PCR (polymerase chain reactions) technique [NCERT Pg. No. 173]
• This method of finding a gene is used when researchers know very little about the gene they are trying to find. This…
• Which of the following is a restriction endonuclease [NEET (Phase-I) 2016]
• In gene gun method used to introduce alien DNA into host cells, microparticles of ________ metal are used [NEET 2023]…
• Basic principle of developing transgenic plant and animals is to introduce the gene of interest into the nucleus of [WB…
• Among the given steps (A, B C, D) of Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR), select the option giving correct identification…
• In genetic engineering when bacterial cells are grown on antibiotics, the antibiotics in this process are used:
• Micro-injection gene delivery system is preferred in which cell

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